What Every Patient Should Know About Glaucoma: Early Detection Saves Vision

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, often progressing silently until significant vision loss occurs. Because early symptoms are minimal or nonexistent, many individuals remain unaware they have the disease until permanent damage has already occurred. The best defense against glaucoma is regular eye exams, which allow for early detection and effective management.
 

Understanding Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain. This damage is often caused by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), though some individuals with normal eye pressure can also develop the condition.
 

There are several types of glaucoma, including:

• Open-Angle Glaucoma – The most common form, it develops gradually and painlessly as fluid drainage from the eye becomes less efficient, leading to increased pressure.

• Angle-Closure Glaucoma – A less common but more urgent condition where fluid drainage is suddenly blocked, causing a rapid increase in pressure that requires immediate medical attention.

• Normal-Tension Glaucoma – Even without elevated eye pressure, optic nerve damage can still occur, making regular exams essential for diagnosis.
   

Why Early Detection Matters

Glaucoma is often called the “silent thief of sight” because it develops without noticeable symptoms. As the disease progresses, peripheral vision is usually the first to be affected, followed by more significant vision loss if left untreated. Once vision is lost, it cannot be restored, making early detection crucial in preserving eyesight.
 

Comprehensive eye exams include tests that can detect glaucoma before symptoms arise. These tests measure intraocular pressure, evaluate the optic nerve, and assess visual field function. If glaucoma is diagnosed, early intervention with medication, laser therapy, or surgery can help slow or prevent further vision loss.
 

Who Is at Risk?

While glaucoma can affect anyone, certain factors increase the risk of developing the disease:

• Individuals over the age of 60

• Those with a family history of glaucoma

• African American, Hispanic, or Asian ethnicity

• People with diabetes, high blood pressure, or other systemic conditions

• Those with high eye pressure or thin corneas

• Long-term use of steroid medications
   

If you fall into any of these categories, regular eye exams are even more critical in protecting your vision.
 

The Role of Regular Eye Exams

Because glaucoma is often asymptomatic in its early stages, routine eye exams are the most effective way to detect the condition before significant damage occurs. During an exam, your eye doctor can assess your risk factors, monitor changes over time, and recommend appropriate treatments if needed. Even if you have no noticeable vision problems, scheduling a comprehensive eye exam at least once a year is essential for maintaining eye health.
 

Protect Your Vision Today

Glaucoma is a lifelong condition, but with early detection and proper management, vision loss can often be prevented. Protect your eyesight by scheduling a comprehensive eye exam with Hedges Eye Care. Visit our office in Newberry, Florida, or call (352) 306-1103 to book an appointment today.